Attack of the Drones Exploration of Sound Power Levels Emitted and the Impact Drones could have upon Rural Areas, Roxwell, Essex, UK
Time: 2:00 pm
Author: Josephine Nixon
Abstract ID: 1848
This study considers the acoustic emission from a DJi Phantom 4 commercial drone using different rotor blades. Measurements were taken from a hovering drone with four commercial product blade configurations. Measurements were taken in accordance with (BS) EN ISO 3745: 2009 Acoustics Determination of sound power levels and sound energy levels of noise sources using sound pressure Precision methods for anechoic rooms and hemi-anechoic rooms. The aim of the project was to consider the sound characteristics emitted, specifically tonality and to determine the distance a drone could be heard from, with the different blade configurations, in a rural setting. By considering the different blade configurations within a rural setting, the role drones have within society is considered.
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The impact of COVID-19 lockdown on the noise pollution: case study in the city of Skopje
Time: 8:00 am
Author: Simona Domazetovska
Abstract ID: 2047
The lockdown that the city of Skopje has suffered during the months of April to June 2020 in order to control the spread of COVID-19 has significantly changed the acoustic environment in the urban parts of the city. The absence of vehicles, people on the streets and closed restaurants has led to a noise reduction captured by the low-cost wireless sensor network in the City of Skopje. The analysis carried out in this paper show reduction in noise pollution strongly correlated with the population's activity and behavior to the new circumstances. Overall, the sound pressure levels vary around 65 dB; however, some extreme decrease can be noticed, especially during the quarantine weekends. Also, the noise levels were compared between the same time periods during the year of 2019 and 2020, where it can be perceived reduction in the sound level for 36,5% for the day-evening-night noise level indicator (L). Significant variations occur for the indicators L, L, and L, especially during the lockdown weekends.
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Noise reduction of Parallel barrier integrated with compact flexible panel device
Time: 6:20 am
Author: Yat Sze Choy
Abstract ID: 2268
Erection of parallel barriers to control environmental noise such as traffic noise and construction noise is commonly seen in community. Owing to the formation of multiple reflection waves between the parallel barriers, their performance may be worse than a single barrier. To improve the performance of parallel barriers, a small piece of flush-mounted panels backed by a slender cavity in an otherwise rigid wall of barriers is proposed. With the excitation of the incident wave from a sound source inside parallel barriers, the flexible panel vibrates and sound is radiated out to undergo acoustics interference with sound field between the parallel barriers so that the sound intensity in this space and diffraction wave at the barrier top edge is reduced over a broadband in the low-frequency regime. The use of the panel provides flexibility in controlling range of stopband with high insertion loss by varying mass and bending stiffness. A semi-analytical model for dealing with vibroacoustic coupling between the open cavity and vibrating panel in a two-dimensional configuration is established in order to understand the sound suppression mechanism within the shadow zone. With the optimal structural properties of the panel, the extra averaged insertion loss of about 5dB in the frequencies ranging from 50 to 1000 Hz is reached for the parallel barrier.
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Merging science education, citizen science and general population noise exposure data collection in the battle against noise pollution
Time: 2:00 pm
Author: Luc Dekoninck
Abstract ID: 2280
Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics in education is commonly referred to as STEM. The last decades illustrate that our society is transferring into an ever accelerating technological environment. In parallel, the general public became an important driving force in collecting citizen science data to trigger legislative pressure and impact on policy makers to accelerate the improvement of their quality of life. That practice is currently extending into the environmental impact of noise related quality of life. This publication suggests to merge those educational STEM goals, citizen science monitoring and the need for population based noise monitoring data for efficient policy support. The presented educational project can be regarded as a proof-of-concept and can be repeated in different schools and classes every year. This approach has the potential to acquire abundant noise monitoring data and provides an unbiased population sampling dataset by design. This population driven involvement allows to assess real-life and long-term noise policy impact and could become a fundamental pillar in achieving the overall societal goal of improving noise related environmental quality of life.
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The interplay of tourism and noise: A literature review
Time: 3:00 pm
Author: Lisa-Marie Wadle
Abstract ID: 2603
Tourism is an important economic factor for countries, cities and individual beings. However, tourism also has an impact on the environment, e.g. in terms of noise. This does not only constitute a burden for locals but also effects tourists whose goal, among others, commonly is to rest during their holidays. A literature review was conducted covering the last ten years (2011-2021) and will be updated until the conference. The terms or and noise as well as synonyms and related terms were used in the search string. The search results in over 400 documents which were reduced based on their fit to the area of research interest and a practical screening. The overview gained by reviewing the literature indicates the most common noise sources with relation to tourism. Furthermore, several studies were found which analyse the consequences for locals and how they react to and deal with the noise. Some of the studies focused on measures taken on noise reduction like reducing the noise source itself, developing new methods to measure or visualize noise as well as structural measures. Based on this review, future research areas were identified.
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The uncertainty in the acoustic annoyance evaluatiom
Time: 2:20 pm
Author: Mário Mateus
Abstract ID: 2615
The coexistence of a mixed use, in a significant part of the buildings, with a part being used for housing purposes and another part for economic activities (commercial, services, etc.) creates situations that are frequently a reason for complaints due to acoustic annoyance. In Portugal, the assessment of this type of discomfort is carried out through sound measurements, comparing the value of the difference between the total sound and the residual sound with the legal limits set in national legislation. This comparison is made without considering the uncertainty value of that difference. If the value of uncertainty is not depicted when declaring compliance in test reports, the level of risk associated with the decision rule (such as false accept and statistical assumptions) can take values between 2.5% and 50%. This risk assumes the highest value when the obtained difference is equal to the established limit value. This paper presents a formulation that allows obtaining the value of the uncertainty for that difference, based on the Monte Carlo simulation method. The estimation of the uncertainty value led to physically more plausible values, when compared to those normally obtained with the usual formulation based on the propagation of uncertainty law.
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Noise Control and its relationship with the UN Sustainable Development Goals
Time: 2:40 pm
Author: Eoin King
Abstract ID: 2645
This paper considers noise and its control in the context of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Sustainable development involves the simultaneous pursuit of economic prosperity, environmental quality, and social equity, and the UN SDGs describe the major development challenges in these pursuits. The SDG Framework comprises 17 broad goals, that cover a wide range of issues including poverty, hunger, health, education, gender equality, clean water, clean energy, sustainable cities and communities, climate, responsible consumption, and production, amongst others. Although noise and its management are not clearly identified in any of the 17 goals, this paper posits that noise is an issue cross-cutting through almost all of the goals. Through the lens of the SDGs, this paper summarizes how a failure to adequately address noise presents a significant challenge to the realization of sustainable development. This paper considers noise and its control, in the context of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Sustainable development involves the simultaneous pursuit of economic prosperity, environmental quality and social equity, and the UN SDGs describe the major development challenges in these pursuits. The SDG Framework comprises of 17 broad goals, that cover a wide range of issues including poverty, hunger, health, education, gender equality, clean water, clean energy, sustainable cities and communities, climate, responsible consumption and production, amongst others. Although noise and its management are not clearly identified in any of the 17 goals, this paper posits that noise is an issue cross-cutting through almost all of the goals. Through the lens of the SDGs, this paper summarizes how a failure to address noise presents a significant challenge to the realization of these goals.
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Long Term Ambient Sound Level Survey
Time: 3:20 pm
Author: Henk de Haan
Abstract ID: 2826
A 32 month long nighttime ambient sound level survey was conducted between from April 2017 and December 2019, inclusive. Sound level data was recorded at three locations within approximately 600 m of one another. Weather data was collected at one site. The measurement locations were at the edge of the city, where the suburbs make way for the countryside. Two noise monitoring stations were located near the back yards of detached houses. The third station was located in a more rural setting. This paper will look at trends in the nighttime ambient sound level (e.g. summertime vs wintertime), and try to establish the minimal duration of a measurement program for generating reliable results.
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Scalable Machine Learning Approach to Classifying Transportation Noise at Two Urban Sites in Greater Boston, Massachusetts
Time: 12:00 pm
Author: Tiange Wang
Abstract ID: 2907
The goal of this study was to characterize transportation noise by vehicle class in two urban communities, to inform studies of transport noise and ultra-fine particulates. Data were collected from April to September 2016 (150 days) of continuous recording in each urban community using high-resolution microphones. Training data was created for airplanes, trucks/buses, and train events by manual listening and extraction of audio files. Digital signal processing using STFT and Hanning windowing was performed in MATLAB, creating audio spectrograms with varying frequency: log vs linear frequency scales, and 4K vs 20K max frequency. For each of the four spectrogram sets, a neural net model using PyTorch was trained via a compute cluster. Initial results for a multi-class model provide an accuracy of 85%. Comparison between a selection of frequency scales and expanding to longer time periods is ongoing. Validation with airport transport logs and local bus and train schedules will be presented.
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Assessing the Potential for Noise Complaints due to Backyard Chickens
Time: 3:40 pm
Author: Charles Moritz
Abstract ID: 2966
During the past decade, there has been tremendous growth in the popularity of backyard chickens in urban and suburban locations throughout the United States. While there are many advantages to raising chickens, their introduction has not gone without controversy. Noise has been a common concern during discussions of municipal ordnances and a common complaint against flock owners. There is very little data on the sound levels produced by chickens in the technical literature. What data is published is not appropriate for predicting sound levels at owners property lines. In addition, the non-technical literature, social media, newspaper stories, etc. abounds with misinformation. To determine the sound power of various chicken breeds, the author has been measuring sound levels from birds in his flock. This data can then be compared to the sound level from other typical back yard sound sources, existing community annoyance prediction models, and records of noise complaints.
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Noise perception assessment in urban green spaces using soundwalk approach
Time: 6:00 am
Author: Omid Ghatreh Samani
Abstract ID: 3291
Urban green spaces are intended to provide citizens with calm environments free of annoying city noises. This requires a thorough understanding of noise emission and related exposure to sounds in green spaces. This research investigates noise perception in various spots in an urban green space. For this purpose, the study has been conducted in the grand garden of the city of Dresden. The garden covers 1.8 square kilometers of various landscapes, including water streams, park railways, fountains, bridges, roads for bicycles and pedestrians etc. Noise perception was investigated at eleven spots with emphasis on four noise types: nature noise, human noise, traffic noise, and technical noise. In parallel, audio-visual recordings were conducted for each spot to identify the connection between the perceptual measures and the psychoacoustic parameters. These spots are categorized based on the resulting perception and psychoacoustic parameters. In addition, the visual effect of each spot on final perception is investigated. Eventually, annoyance for each spot is identified based on the corresponding participants perception and is associated with the relevant psychoacoustic parameters.
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Acoustic balance between highway and metro: a case study of Dos Hermanas
Time: 1:20 pm
Author: Gabriel Piza
Abstract ID: 3553
With the Directive 2002/49 of the European Parliament, commitments are established for the control of noise pollution for member countries. Based on such determination, an important tool for the noise pollution control is the noise map, which represents an area or its population exposed to different ranges of noise. The same Directive defines that environmental noise is influenced by different sources, including transport routes such as road traffic and the subway. This study evaluates the acoustic balance between the Sevilla metro and the A-376 highway traffic. For such assessment, different mobility scenarios have been developed and all of them have been evaluated using noise maps. A residential block in Dos Hermanas, a town in Sevilla province, has been taken as a case study. According to the evaluated scenarios, the population affected by high level noises decreases as the metro is more used than the highway.
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Bibliographic review of socio economic effects of environmental noise for public policies in Chile
Time: 4:00 pm
Author: Alexis Campos
Abstract ID: 2581
The Ministry of Environment of Chile is currently updating the public policies that regulate noise mainly from industrial sources. For this reason, a background record of studies that describe the benefits and socioeconomic effects of noise in the population is needed. Through a bibliographic review it was possible to identify a variety of benefits and effects in the economy, health and social ambit, as well as new investigation lines that take in consideration the mental health and non favorable socioeconomic conditions (economic inequality, racial and ethnic problems). The different works analyzed include the recent systematic reviews for the elaboration of the Environmental noise guidelines for the European Region of the World Health Organization, a series of works mainly of European origin and two Latin American economic studies. Finally, due to the low regulation in Latin American countries regarding noise, it is possible that these problems are greater than those reported in developed countries and therefore their study is of interest to create or apply other public policies in the region to a greater extent.
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