Design and optimization of acoustic liners with a shear grazing flow: OPAL software platform applications
Time: 1:40 pm
Author: Remi Roncen
Abstract ID: 1308
In the context of noise reduction in diverse applications where a shear grazing flow is present (i.e., engine nacelle, jet pump, landing gear), improved acoustic liner solutions are being sought. This is particularly true in the low-frequency regime, where space constraints currently limit the efficiency of classic liner technology. To perform the required multi-objective optimization of complex meta-surface liner candidates, a software platform called OPAL was developed. Its first goal is to allow the user to assemble a large panel of parallel/serial assembly of unit acoustic elements, including the recent concept of LEONAR materials. Then, the physical properties of this liner can be optimized, relatively to given weighted objectives (noise reduction, total size of the sample, weight), for a given configuration. Alternatively, properties such as the different impedances of liner unit surfaces can be optimized. To accelerate the process, different nested levels of optimization are considered, from 0D analytical coarse designs in order to reduce the parameter space, up to 2D plan or axisymmetric high-order Discontinuous Galerkin resolution of the Linearized Euler Equations. The presentation will focus on the different aspects of liner design considered in OPAL, and present an application on different samples made for a small scale aeroacoustic bench.
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Design and optimization of acoustic liners with a shear grazing flow: OPAL software platform description
Time: 2:00 pm
Author: Frank Simon
Abstract ID: 1496
In the context of aircraft noise reduction in varied applications where a cold or hot shear grazing flow is present (i.e., engine nacelle, combustion chamber, jet pump, landing gear), improved acoustic liner solutions are being sought. This is particularly true in the low-frequency regime, where space constraints limit the efficiency of conventional liner technology. Therefore, liner design must take into account the dimensional and phenomenological characteristics of constituent materials, assembly specifications and industrial requirements involving multiphysical phenomena. To perform the single/multi-objective optimization of complex meta-surface liner candidates, a software platform coined OPAL (OPtimisation of Acoustic Liners) was developed. Its first goal is to allow the user to assemble a large panel of parallel/serial elementary acoustic layers along a given duct. Then, the physical properties of this liner can be optimized, relatively to weighted objectives, for a given flow and frequency range: impedance target, maximum absorption coefficient or transmission loss with a total sample size and weight... The presentation will focus on the different elementary bricks and assembly of a problem (from 0D analytical coarse designs in order to reduce the parameter space, up to 2D plan or axisymmetric high-order Discontinuous Galerkin simulations of the Linearized Euler Equations).
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A review of variable-impedance acoustic liner concepts developed at NASA
Time: 5:20 pm
Author: Michael Jones
Abstract ID: 1886
This paper presents results attained in the NASA Langley Research Center test rigs using concepts for which the impedance varies over the surface of the liner. These liners are typically designed for significant sound absorption over a wide frequency range, but it is also possible to tune the design to achieve increased absorption at selected frequencies. A brief review is provided regarding a number of variable-impedance concepts. The first is a modified version of a conventional two-layer liner, in which the embedded septum location and acoustic properties are different for adjacent core chambers. Two concepts employ core chambers with different lengths, one with bent chambers to allow packaging within a limited volume, and the other with shared inlet ports to reduce the surface porosity. The last employs a perforated facesheet in which the hole diameter and porosity are varied over the surface of the liner. Data acquired in the NASA normal incidence and grazing flow impedance tubes are used to demonstrate the capabilities of these concepts. Impedance prediction models are also presented for comparison with these measured data.
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Multilayer treatment for subwavelength and broad absorption
Time: 5:00 pm
Author: Josué Costa Baptista
Abstract ID: 2076
Single layer optimized microchannels (268µm channels size) present high absorption at the quarter-wave resonance frequency (2460Hz for 30mm-thick treatment) but cannot provide significant absorption at lower frequencies. In this work, the absorption coefficient of multilayer treatments with 2, 5, 10- and 30-layers of channels with size varying from 50µm to 15mm was numerically optimized. The equivalent fluid wave number and characteristic impedance of each layer were predicted using the JCAL model. The Double-scale Asymptotic Method (DAM) was used to obtain the JCAL parameters. The multilayer treatment absorption was modelled with the Transfer Matrix Method (TMM). It was shown that multilayer treatments present superior absorption than single layer. For instance, bilayer treatment made of a 1mm-thick top layer (facing incident wave) of channels of 58µm and a 29mm-thick bottom layer of channels with 8.1mm provides perfect absorption around 1200Hz (i.e. 1260Hz below the quarter-wave resonance frequency of 30mm-thick single layer treatment). Alternatively, a 30-layer treatment with channels size varying from 100µm to 9.6mm provides absorption higher than 0.8 between 1350 and 6270Hz (i.e. 54% higher than single layer treatment with same thickness). These results pave the way to the fabrication of new multilayer treatments with interesting subwavelength and broadband absorption capabilities.
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Modelling sound wave propagation through corrugated macro-geometry arrangement of porous material for combined heat sink and noise reduction applications
Time: 5:20 pm
Author: Harshavardhan Ronge
Abstract ID: 2863
In convective air-cooled heat sink applications with space constraints, corrugated geometries can be used as in-duct sound absorbing structures offering lower duct-flow resistance than other geometries such as block-shape, wedge-shape geometries. Sound wave propagation through this geometry is presented using a simple 1-D acoustic model. Using the model, acoustic performance of corrugated sample is evaluated in terms of its transmission loss in dB. Thermal resistance and pressure drop values are also reported and compared with acoustic performance as function of number of corrugations and length of corrugated sample. A rectangular corrugated geometry has alternate inlet and outlet channels separated by porous walls. Sound propagation across this arrangement is modelled by extending prior model from literature with similar geometries. Prior model by Allam and Åbom (2005) is highly symmetric about the channels and porous walls are modelled by simple steady flow resistance equation. In current work, appropriate considerations are taken into account for the configuration of corrugated geometries suitable to general heat sink applications and sound wave propagation through porous walls is predicted by using Johnson-Champoux-Allard (jca) model. The porous walls at ends of the geometry are modelled as in acoustically series-parallel network combinations. Further, effect of heat sink temperature on sound wave propagation is also explored using the model.
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Optimal design of compressed porous materials for acoustic sealing applications by means of smart data analysis
Time: 4:40 pm
Author: Mathieu Gontier
Abstract ID: 2903
In industry segments such as automotive and industrial equipment the use of compressed porous materials is well known to improve the global acoustic performance of the complete system. Such porous materials should be designed in a specific way in order to reach a significant acoustic sealing performance at different compression rates. Unfortunately, there are no standard measurement procedures nor predefined material characteristics that allow the selection of the right material with the optimal acoustic performance. The main goal of this research is to link acoustic performance of compressed porous materials with intrinsic material characteristics using statistical techniques.
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